Signal Processing Toolbox

dct

Discrete cosine transform (DCT)

Syntax

• y = dct(x)
  y = dct(x,n)
  

Description

y = dct(x) returns the unitary discrete cosine transform of x

where

N is the length of x, and x and y are the same size. If x is a matrix, dct transforms its columns. The series is indexed from n = 1 and k = 1 instead of the usual n = 0 and k = 0 because MATLAB vectors run from 1 to N instead of from 0 to N- 1.

y = dct(x,n) pads or truncates x to length n before transforming.

The DCT is closely related to the discrete Fourier transform. You can often reconstruct a sequence very accurately from only a few DCT coefficients, a useful property for applications requiring data reduction.

Examples

Find how many DCT coefficients represent 99% of the energy in a sequence:

• x = (1:100) + 50*cos((1:100)*2*pi/40);
  X = dct(x);
  [XX,ind] = sort(abs(X)); ind = fliplr(ind);
  i = 1;
  while (norm([X(ind(1:i)) zeros(1,100-i)])/norm(X)<.99)
     i = i + 1;
  end
  i = 
        3
  

See Also

fft, idct, dct2, idct2

References

[1] Jain, A.K. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1989.

[2] Pennebaker, W.B., and J.L. Mitchell. JPEG Still Image Data Compression Standard. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993. Chapter 4.

czt

decimate