Generic Power System Stabilizer (SimPowerSystems)

Implement a generic power system stabilizer for the synchronous machine

Library

Machines

Description

The Generic Power System Stabilizer (PSS) block can be used to add damping to the rotor oscillations of the synchronous machine by controlling its excitation. The disturbances occurring in a power system induce electromechanical oscillations of the electrical generators. These oscillations, also called power swings, must be effectively damped to maintain the system stability. The output signal of the PSS is used as an additional input (vstab) to the Excitation System block. The PSS input signal can be either the machine speed deviation, dw, or its acceleration power, Pa = Pm - Peo (difference between the mechanical power and the electrical power).

The Generic Power System Stabilizer is modeled by the following nonlinear system:

To ensure a robust damping, the PSS should provide a moderate phase advance at frequencies of interest in order to compensate for the inherent lag between the field excitation and the electrical torque induced by the PSS action.

The model consists of a low pass filter, a general gain, a wash-out high pass filter, a phase-compensation system, and an output limiter. The general gain K determines the amount of damping produced by the stabilizer. The Wash-out high pass filter eliminates low frequencies that are present in the dw signal and allows the PSS to respond only to speed changes. The phase-compensation system is represented by a cascade of two first-order lead-lag transfer functions used to compensate the phase lag between the excitation voltage and the electrical torque of the synchronous machine.

Dialog Box

Sensor time constant: The time constant, in seconds (s), of the first order low pass filter used to filter the block's input signal.
Gain: The overall gain K of the generic power system stabilizer.
Wash-out time constant: The time constant, in seconds (s), of the first order high pass filter used by the wash-out system of the model.
Lead-lag #1 time constants: [Tnum Tden]: The numerator time constant T1n and denominator time constant T1d, in seconds (s), of the first lead-lag transfer function.
Lead-lag #2 time constants: [Tnum Tden]: The numerator time constant T2n and denominator time constant T2d, in seconds (s), of the second lead-lag transfer function.
Output limits: [Vsmin Vsmax]: The limits VSmin and VSmax, in p.u., imposed on the output of the stabilizer.
Initial input:: The initial DC voltage, in volts, of the block's input signal. Specification of this parameter is required to initialize all states and start the simulation in steady state with vstab set to zero.
Plot frequency response: If selected, a plot of the frequency response of the stabilizer is displayed when you click the Apply button.
Magnitude in dB: If selected, the magnitude of the frequency response is plotted in dB. The Magnitude in dB parameter is not visible in the dialog box if the Plot frequency response is not selected.
Frequency range (Hz): Specify the frequency range used to plot the frequency response of the stabilizer. The Frequency range (Hz) parameter is not visible in the dialog box if the Plot frequency response is not selected.

Inputs and Outputs

dw: Two types of signals can be used at the input dw:
Vstab: The output is the stabilization voltage (in p.u.) to connect to the Vstab input of the Excitation System block used to control the terminal voltage of the synchronous machine.

Example

See the help text of the psbPSS demonstration file.

Reference

Kundur, P., Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill, 1994, section 12.5.

See Also

Multiband Power System Stabilizer

Fourier Ground